Mandela's Way: Lessons for an Uncertain Age

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Gibbs, Jonathan (2 November 2003). "Talk of the Town: Pink Tank". The Independent on Sunday. Archived from the original on 4 September 2005.

Mandela, Nelson (2004) [1994]. Long Walk to Freedom Volume II: 1962–1994 (large printed.). London: BBC AudioBooks and Time Warner Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7540-8724-3. Benson 1986, pp.68, 71–72; Meer 1988, p.83; Mandela 1994, pp.283–292; Meredith 2010, pp.136–141; Smith 2010, pp.163–164; Sampson 2011, pp.103–106. The 2021 census occurred during period of depressed economic activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

When did Nelson Mandela die?

In 1989, Botha suffered a stroke; although he would retain the state presidency, he stepped down as leader of the National Party, to be replaced by F. W. de Klerk. [197] In a surprise move, Botha invited Mandela to a meeting over tea in July 1989, an invitation Mandela considered genial. [198] Botha was replaced as state president by de Klerk six weeks later; the new president believed that apartheid was unsustainable and released a number of ANC prisoners. [199] Following the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, de Klerk called his cabinet together to debate legalising the ANC and freeing Mandela. Although some were deeply opposed to his plans, de Klerk met with Mandela in December to discuss the situation, a meeting both men considered friendly, before legalising all formerly banned political parties in February 1990 and announcing Mandela's unconditional release. [200] [201] Shortly thereafter, for the first time in 20 years, photographs of Mandela were allowed to be published in South Africa. [202] Nolen, Stephanie (5 December 2013). "Mandela arrived late to the fight against HIV-AIDS". The Globe and Mail. Toronto . Retrieved 11 May 2017. Mandela 1994, pp.293–294; Meredith 2010, pp.104–105; Smith 2010, pp.98–99, 105–106; Sampson 2011, pp.76–77.

Benson 1986, p.165; Meer 1988, p.262; Mandela 2004, pp.75–78; Smith 2010, pp.307–308; Sampson 2011, p.204. Mandela 1994, pp.62–65; Lodge 2006, p.9; Smith 2010, pp.33–34; Meredith 2010, pp.15–18; Sampson 2011, pp.21, 25. Guiloineau, Jean; Rowe, Joseph (2002). Nelson Mandela: The Early Life of Rolihlahla Madiba. Berkeley: North Atlantic Books. pp. 9–26. ISBN 978-1-55643-417-4.Read, James H. (2010). "Leadership and power in Nelson Mandela's Long Walk to Freedom". Journal of Power. 3 (3): 317–339. doi: 10.1080/17540291.2010.524792. S2CID 143804607. The census collection is designed so that each group of postcodes should contain at least 100 people (50 in Scotland). Fortin, Jacey (18 July 2012). "Mandela and the Dictators: A Freedom Fighter With A Complicated Past". International Business Times. Archived from the original on 19 April 2016 . Retrieved 13 July 2016.

Benson 1986, p.111; Meer 1988, pp.171–172, 176; Mandela 1994, pp.418–425; Lodge 2006, p.95; Smith 2010, pp.251–254; Benneyworth 2011, p.81; Sampson 2011, pp.160–162.Nelson Mandela released from hospital". CNN. 1 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 1 September 2013.